heres some info taken from an exert from www.epa.sa.gov.au/powerlines
Just over 100 years ago, human exposure to electric and magnetic fields was limited to those fields arising naturally. Within the last 50 years there has been a dramatic growth in the use of electric power and valid questions are now being raised concerning safe levels of exposure to man-made electric and magnetic fields.
What are electric and magnetic fields (EMF)?
A small piece of iron held near a magnet will move towards and attach itself to the magnet. The iron is attracted to the magnet because of the magnetic field which surrounds it. The earth itself is a huge magnet, and it is the earth's magnetic field which, for example, controls the direction of the needle on a compass.
Electricity also produces fields:
- A field called the electric field occurs when an electric charge or voltage is present and results from the force electric charges exert on each other.
- A magnetic field is produced by the movement of the electric charge, that is, by the flow of electric current. The magnetic field effect is used in electromagnets and electric motors.
Plug an ordinary lamp into an electric outlet; the voltage on the lamp cord produces an electric field. Switch the lamp on and the current flow through the cord produces a magnetic field. The higher the voltage, the stronger the electric field. The higher the current, the stronger the magnetic field.
Unlike natural fields, which remain relatively constant, fields produced by electrical equipment usually change rapidly with time. Electricity in Australia is supplied as alternating current at a frequency of 50 cycles per second. This means that the electric and magnetic fields reverse their direction 50 times every second.
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